BIOMECHANICS UNIT SYLLABUS

 

Instructor: 

 

Edmund M. Kosmahl, PT, EdD. LEA 016, 941-4314

Office Hours : Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, 3:00 – 3:50pm

Web Site: http://academic.uofs.edu/faculty/KOSMAHLE1/default.htm  (use PT245 link)

e-mail: kosmahle1@scranton.edu

 

The Biomechanics Unit is a part of PT245 Principles of Human Anatomy.  Dr. Mattingly is the principle instructor and administratively responsible for this course.  All department and course policies and procedures as listed in the overall course syllabus will be followed.  If in doubt, please ask Dr. Mattingly or me.

 

Class Meeting Days, Times and Location:

 

Lecture - Tuesday and Thursday 10:00 – 10:50am, LEA1006 (Biomechanics Unit 2/1/05 through 3/1/05)

 

Unit Description:  This unit covers introductory topics that are required to understand Kinesiology PT375 (see list of topics below under Unit Schedule and Objectives).  There is a lot of material to understand.  Students must engage in independent, active learning (using the web page, course notes, and textbook).  Those who depend on “passive” teaching will not succeed.

 

Required Textbook and Resources:

 

·        Course Notes: Available as a download from my web site.  Bring these to class each day.

 

·        Textbook: Neumann DA, Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System: Foundations for Physical Rehabilitation, Mosby, St. Louis MO, 2002.   Latest edition available at bookstore.  Study the first four chapters.  This text will also be required for PT375 next semester.

 

·        Textbook Web Site: http://evolve.elsevier.com/staticPages/index.html

 

·        Unit Web Page:  http://academic.uofs.edu/faculty/KOSMAHLE1/default.htm  - use PT245 link

 

Please use this web page frequently!  Review the materials and graphics on this web page regarding lecture topics before attending lecture.

 

Teaching Methods:

 

Lecture, question and answer, discussion.

 

 

Professional Behavior:

 

Physical therapy majors are expected to exhibit professional behavior at all times (see relevant sections of the PT Department Student Handbook and section 3.8.3.3 “Professional Behavior” of the Evaluative Criteria for Accreditation of Education Programs for the Preparation of Physical Therapists, CAPTE, Effective 1/1/98).  Briefly, students are expected to:

 

·        conform to the University of Scranton Academic Code of Honesty.

·        attend all class meetings and activities.

·        be punctual, prepared (including lab clothes and equipment when appropriate) and participative.

·        accept responsibility for their actions (eg. accept that grades reflect each student’s effort and output).

 

How the Student is Evaluated: 

 

·        Attendance:

 

Attendance and participation in all course activities are the required norm.  Chronic absence, lateness, and/or lack of participation will result in a final grade reduction of as much as 10% at the discretion of the instructor.  Please also see PT Department Student Handbook policy on attendance.

 

·        Two quizzes – 10 points each – total quiz score equals 33.33% of unit grade

·        One exam – about 45 questions – score equals 66.67% of unit grade

 

·        Grade Scale

95

A

Note:    Course grades below 77.00% are unacceptable for progression through the curriculum and will initiate the probation policy - See PT Department Student Handbook.  Grades on tests, quizzes, assignments, etc., are recorded in percentage form carried to two decimal places (e.g., 76.84%).  Whole numbers are not affected at all by rounding the decimals.  Please don’t ask for adjustments to grades.

.

 

92

A-

89

B+

86

B

83

B-

80

C+

77

C

74

C-

71

D+

68

D

Below 68

F

 

Unit Schedule and Objectives:

 

Note:  Objectives for this unit meet Evaluative Criteria for Accreditation of Education Programs for the Preparation of Physical Therapists, CAPTE, Effective 1/1/98 number 3.8.1 instruction in the foundational sciences . . .

Week 1:

 

Musculoskeletal Tissues Structure and Function

 

Objectives:

 

1.      List and define musculoskeletal tissues.

2.      Describe the histological composition of musculoskeletal tissues.

3.      Explain the function of musculoskeletal tissues.

4.      Describe two classification systems for bones.

5.      Explain enchondral and intramembranous ossification. 

6.      Explain Wolff’s Law. 

7.      Explain the importance of collagen “weave” for the function of musculoskeletal tissues.

8.      Explain the importance of contractile and non-contractile elements of muscle.

9.      Explain the importance of series and parallel components of non-contractile elements of muscle.

 

Mechanical Properties of Musculoskeletal Tissues

 

Objectives:

 

1.      Define the terms listed under the section labeled “terminology”.

2.      Explain the material strength properties of bone, articular cartilage, and collagenous tissues.

3.      Explain the effects of activity and disuse on bone, articular cartilage, and collagenous tissues.

4.      Explain the effect of rate of loading on bone, articular cartilage, and collagenous tissues.

5.      Explain the effect of inflammation and repair on collagenous tissues.

 

Week 2:

 

Quiz 1 – Thursday, February 10, 2005 (Musculoskeletal tissue Structure and Function)

 

Joints and Joint Movements

 

Objectives:

 

1.      Describe two systems for joint classification.

2.      Describe the characteristics of synovial joints.

3.      Define osteokinematic and arthrokinematic motions.

4.      Describe grading systems for arthrokinematic mobility.

5.      Explain the Convex-Concave Rule.

6.      Explain the planar classification system.

7.      Explain the concept of axis of rotation.

8.      Define degrees of freedom of movement.

9.      Explain the concept of kinematic chain.

 

Muscle Mechanics

 

Objectives:

 

1.      Define the types of muscle contraction.

2.      Explain the effects of cross-sectional area, fiber orientation, age, and sex, on force of muscle contraction.

3.      Define the length-tension relationship, and explain its effect on force of muscle contraction.

4.      Explain how leverage and the length-tension relationship interact to influence force of muscle contraction.

5.      Define the passive tension curve and explain how passive stretch conserves energy.

6.      Define and explain the following concepts: isometric torque curve, isokinetic torque, muscle excursion, passive insufficiency, active insufficiency, “lag”, tenodesis, and muscular power.

7.      Explain how the force-velocity relationship influences force of muscle contraction.

 

Week 3:

 

Mechanics and Lever Systems

 

Objectives:

 

1.      Define the terms listed under the “Terminology” section.

2.      Define Newton’s Three Laws, and explain how they affect human motion.

3.      List the forces acting on the human body.

4.      Explain composition of forces.

5.      Explain the concept of mechanical advantage.

6.      Define the three classes of lever systems, and give an example of each in the human body.

 

Resolution of Forces

 

Objective:

 

Apply the principles of resolution of forces, composition of forces, and trigonometry to calculate the magnitude and direction of muscle and joint forces acting on the human body.

 

Week 4:

 

Quiz 2Tuesday 2/22/05 (Joints and Joint Movements)

 

Gravity and Equilibrium

 

Objectives:

 

1.      Define gravity.

2.      Explain the interaction of center of gravity, base of support, and gravity line.

3.      Explain the factors that promote stability or mobility.

4.      Explain how the principles of stability and mobility can be applied to lifting, carrying, moving, exercise, gait training.

5.      Explain the factors that lead to poor body mechanics.

No Class Thursday 2/24/05

 

Exam  - Tuesday March 1, 2005

 

Policy on Reviewing Tests and Quizzes:

 

We will review the quizzes in class as soon as I have them graded.  For the exam, answer sheets will be returned as soon as I have completed grading all tests. Students may review test answer keys that will be posted at that time.  Any additional review of tests and/or test questions is completely at the discretion of the instructor. 

 

Inclement Weather:

 

The PT Department complies with University policy.  For information about class cancellation or rescheduling, consult the Severe Weather Hotline at 941-5999, or http://matrix.scranton.edu/academics/ac_ro_reghotline.shtml

 

Also see the compressed schedule at http://matrix.scranton.edu/student_handbook/compressed_schedule.shtml

 

PT Department Web Site

 

The Department web site is located at: http://academic.uofs.edu/department/pt/default.html